A summary of research results on pasture responses to fertiliser and lime in the South Island hill and high country

The published results from trials used to determine nutrient and lime requirements of legume-based pastures in South Island hill high country are summarised. Most the research 1950’s 1960’s found that sulphur (S) alone was required on less weathered leached Semi-arid Pallic soils but both S phosphorus (P) were more Brown soils. severe lack necessitated application rapidly plant-available as gypsum. Research 1970’s 1980’s determined most effective particle size ranges relation frequency elemental provide adequate S. This work highlighted a need for sufficient legume growth before response P measured which has resulted manufacture range suitable fortified superphosphate products. During this 40-year period limited amount showed nitrogen (N) fertiliser could enhance resident grasses legumes added improve response. Molybdenum (Mo) been only trace element lacking pasture reported defines optimal rates, criteria interpretation. In last 20 years, alleviate soil aluminium (Al) toxicity these mainly acidic demonstrated allow establish persist. 
 Current gaps available information indicate potential areas research. These include identifying responses rates with varying content different slopes, differential shady aspects Semi-Arid soils, definition pure swards, role N establishment, management options break down thatch at surface determination landscape factors affect spatial variability Al concentrations, further confirmation injection into layers toxicity, assessment test strips applied Mo assist identification deficiencies combination decision support system aid farmers their selection species farms.